Simultaneous Removal of SO2 and CO2 from Flue Gases at Large Fossil-Fired Stationary Sources

Yehia Khalil, Yale University and A.J. Gerbino, AQSim

The U.S. global climate change initiative (GCCI) is one of the primary drivers for CO2 emission reduction. From 2002 to 2012, this initiative targets 18% reduction in the greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity. A second goal of this initiative is to provide a portfolio of commercially-ready CO2 removal technologies for 2012 assessment. The conventional technology used for CO2 capture from flue gases is based on absorption in monoethanolamine (MEA). Unfortunately, a significant amount of energy is typically required for the regeneration step to recover the MEA solvent. Chemical process simulation and modeling approaches play an important role in evaluating the technical and economical feasibilities of new technology concepts before a costly large-scale implementation. In this work, we present a simulation-based approach using the environmental simulation program (ESP, v-7.0-47) to model the simultaneous removal of SO2 and CO2 gases by scrubbing into a slurry of hydrated lime [Ca(OH)2]. To demonstrate the simulation process, three hypothetical flue gas compositions are used: CO2 concentrations of 3%, 14%, and 25%; representative of exhaust streams of a NG-fired power plant, coal-fired power plant, and a cement production plant, respectively. The proposed process includes a SO2 scrubber, a CO2 scrubber, a calciner, a lime slaking reactor, and a few auxiliary unit operations such as heat exchangers, filters and dryers. This technology could be of interest to industrial facilities including: 1) fossil-fuel-based power generation stations; which contribute about 30% of the World’s CO2 emissions, 2) coal-fired gasification combined cycle (IGCC) turbines, 3) cement production plants, 4) petrochemical plants, and 5) ammonia production plants.


 

Yehia Khalil, Yale University

Yehia is the Chairman of the American Nuclear Society in the State of Connecticut, Chairman of the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Advisory Committee on Safety Analysis Methods, a member of the Executive Committee of the Nuclear Installations Safety Division of the American Nuclear Society, and a member of the Risk Standards Committee of the American Nuclear Society.
Dr. Khalil serves as a member of the Expert Panel for the U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) and is a merit. reviewer for the Nuclear Engineering Education Research (NEER) Program of the Nuclear Division at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)Dr. Khalil provides technical consultancy on risk assessment, hazard analysis, and safety equipment design to the chemical industry and to manufacturers of consumer products.

Anthony J. (A.J.) Gerbino,, Aqueous Process Simulations, Inc. (AQSim)

AJ Gerbino is a partner of AQSim and provides training and applications consulting in OLI software. AJ holds a PhD in brine chemistry from Rice University. An experienced process simulation consultant, AJ consults on a wide variety of industry projects, with particular emphasis on upstream applications. As an instructor, AJ has taught numerous classes in electrolyte process simulation, as well as teaching the AQSim-designed course “Chemistry in Brine Production," which AJ created to especially provide electrolyte chemistry training to oil and gas production groups.

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